For citation:
Hoang, H. T., & Bogomolova, E. S. (2026). “Service Cores” and “Resource Peripherals”: Spatial Imbalances of Ecotourism in Russia’s Far East. AlterEconomics, 23(3), 678–698. https://doi.org/10.31063/AlterEconomics/2026.23-3.8
Abstract:
Ecotourism is an important driver of economic diversification and sustainable development in the Russian Far East. However, its potential remains unevenly utilized, resulting in the concentration of anthropogenic pressure in a limited number of destinations, while peripheral territories with comparable natural resources remain underdeveloped. The aim of this study is to identify regional imbalances in ecotourism development and to substantiate evidence-based management strategies for their mitigation. To achieve this objective, the study pursues three tasks: the development of an analytical framework, the construction of a regional typology, and the formulation of policy recommendations. The main methodological contribution of the study is the development of an original analytical model that integrates the Location Quotient (LQ), the Natural Potential Index (NPI), and a regional typology based on their combined application. This framework enables an assessment of the relationship between a region’s tourism infrastructure development and its natural capital endowment. The analysis is based on official data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Using these data, the LQ of the hospitality sector was calculated to evaluate the degree of tourism specialization across the constituent regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. The results reveal substantial spatial disparities in ecotourism development. In Primorsky and Khabarovsk regions, the LQ exceeds 1, indicating a relatively high level of tourism specialization, whereas in Kamchatka Krai and Amur Oblast the indicator remains below 1 despite significant natural tourism potential. Based on the combined assessment of LQ and NPI, the regions are classified into four categories: service cores, resource peripheries, balanced regions, and territories with low tourism engagement. The study identifies fragmented governance, infrastructure deficits, and growing pressure on natural ecosystems as key constraints on sustainable development. To address these challenges, the paper proposes an integrated management framework based on four interrelated pillars: spatial zoning, the development of network cooperation between regions and specially protected natural areas, the implementation of smart tourism technologies, and the promotion of public-private partnerships. The findings can help inform tourism policy, territorial development strategies, and investment decisions in the Far Eastern Federal District.
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