For citation:
Dubrovsky, V. Z., & Starikov, E. N. (2026). Typology of Industrial Policy Models as a Tool for Analyzing the Industrial System. AlterEconomics, 23(2), 495–520. https://doi.org/10.31063/AlterEconomics/2026.23-2.13
Abstract:
This study examines the institutional foundations of industrial policy in the context of structural and technological modernization in Russia. The aim is to classify and analyze established industrial policy models, testing the hypothesis that institutions serving dual functions — technological transformation and adaptation to external change — are central to industrial development. The research applies institutional and systemic approaches, comparative country analysis, and qualitative modelling, drawing on national innovation systems theory and the concept of institutional complementarity. The study introduces the concepts of “national industrial system” and “industrial policy model” as frameworks for coordinating technological development, and proposes a typology of industrial policy models. The findings show that the effectiveness of industrial policy depends on the coordinated evolution of institutions and technological trajectories. Policy models across different countries and periods form a multi-layered institutional structure that reduces uncertainty and supports more stable growth. The study further finds that industrial policy models are complementary, and that combining them can strengthen coherence and continuity in state-business relations.
Abramovitz, M. (1986). Catching Up, Forging Ahead, and Falling Behind. The Journal of Economic History, 46(2), 385–406.
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2015). Ekonomicheskiye istoki diktatury i demokratii [Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy]. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 512. (In Russ.)
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. (2005). Institutions as a Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth. Handbook of Economic Growth, 1A, 385–472.
Alpay, D., Gohberg, I., & Vinnikov, V. (Eds.) (2002). Interpolation Theory, Systems Theory, and Related Topics: The Harry Dym Anniversary Volume. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag, 414. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8215-6
Aoki, M. (2015). Korporatsii v usloviyakh rastushchego raznoobraziya: poznaniye, rukovodstvo i instituty [Corporations in evolving diversity: Cognition, governance, and institutions]. Moscow: Gaydar Publ., 368. (In Russ.)
Awan, U., Sroufe, R., & Shahbaz, M. (2021). Industry 4.0 and the circular economy: A literature review and recommendations for future research. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(4), 2038–2060. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2731
Breznitz, D. (2007). Innovation and the State: Political Choice and Strategies for Growth in Israel, Taiwan, and Ireland. Yale University Press.
Castells, M., & Himanen, P. (2002). Informatsionnoye obshchestvo i gosudarstvo blagosostoyaniya: Finskaya model’ [The Information Society and Welfare State: The Finnish Model]. Moscow: Logos Publ., 224. (In Russ.)
Chen, Y., & Chen, G. (2022). Effectiveness of industrial policy in supporting innovation: the role of internal and external corporate governance mechanism. Applied Economics, 54(19), 2181–2193. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2021.1985074
Chernoutsan, E. M. (2021). French Industrial Policy: Digital Challenges. Aktualnyye problemy Yevropy [Current Problems of Europe], (3(111)), 28–53. https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.03.02 (In Russ.)
Dolfsma, W., & Mamica, Ł. (2020). Industrial Policy—An Institutional economic framework for assessment. Journal of Economic Issues, 54(2), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2020.1743143
Edler, J., Blind, K., Kroll, H., & Schubert, T. (2023). Technology sovereignty as an emerging frame for innovation policy. Defining rationales, ends and means. Research Policy, 52(6), 104765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2023.104765
Ermakova, Zh. A., & Korabeynikov, I. N. (2012). Evolutionary Approach to Research Adaptation of Industrial Corporation. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Vestnik of the Orenburg State University], (13(149)), 115–122. EDN: QAINQB (In Russ.)
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations. Research Policy, 29(2), 109–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(99)00055-4
Euler, D. (2013). Germany’s dual vocational training system: a model for other countries? Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung.
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. (2023). Industrie 4.0: The Digitisation of the German Economy. Berlin.
Frolov, V. G., & Kaminchenko, D. I. (2021). Approbation of the Actor-Activity Model of Coordinating the Interests of Economic and Non-Economic Subjects of Industrial Policy amidst Digitalization. Liderstvo i menedzhment [Leadership and Management], 8(4), 503–520. https://doi.org/10.18334/lim.8.4.113877 (In Russ.)
Gereffi, G., Humphrey, J., & Sturgeon, T. (2005). The governance of global value chains. Review of International Political Economy, 12(1), 78–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290500049805
Glazyev, S. Y. (1993). Teoriya dolgosrochnogo tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya [Theory of Long-Term Theory Technical and Economic Development]. Moscow: VlaDar Publ., 310.
(In Russ.)
Golov, R. S., & Milnik, A. V. (2017). Key Principles of Industrial Modernization in the Context of the Reindustrialization of the Russian Economy. Ekonomika i upravleniye v mashinostroyenii [Economics and Management in Mechanical Engineering], (2), 61–64. (In Russ.)
Hall, P. A., Soskice, D. W. (Eds.) (2001). Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford University Press.
Johnstone, P., Rogge, K. S., Kivimaa, P., Fratini, C. F., & Primmer, E. (2021). Exploring the re-emergence of industrial policy: Perceptions regarding low-carbon energy transitions in Germany, the United Kingdom and Denmark. Energy Research & Social Science, 74, 101889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101889
Juhász, R., & Lane, N. (2024). The political economy of industrial policy. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 38(4), 27–54. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.38.4.27
Juhász, R., Lane, N., & Rodrik, D. (2024). The new economics of industrial Policy. Annual Review of Economics, 16(1), 213–242. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-081023-024638
Khu, T. (2022). Review of National Strategies for Transition to Industry 5.0. Ekonomika i upravleniye innovatsiyami [Economics and Innovation Management], (3(22)), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.26730/2587-5574-2022-3-28-38 (In Russ.)
Kim, L. (1997). Imitation to Innovation the Dynamics of Korea’s Technological Learning. Harvard Business School Press.
Krugman, P. (1991). Geography and Trade. MIT Press.
Kuzin, D. V. (2019). Problems of Digital Maturity in Modern Business. Mir novoy ekonomiki [The World of New Economy], 13(3), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-3-89-99 (In Russ.)
Lasi, H., Fettke, P., Kemper, H., Feld, T., & Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 6(4), 239–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-014-0334-4
Lenchuk, E. B. (2018). Russia’s Industrial Policy: Shifting Towards the New Industrialization. Zhurnal Novoy ekonomicheskoy assotsiatsii [Journal of the New Economic Association], (3(39)), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2018-39-3-7 (In Russ.)
Lenchuk, E. B. (2021). Scientific and Technological Development as a Factor of Accelerating Economic Growth in Russia. Nauchnyye trudy Vol’nogo ekonomicheskogo obshchestva Rossii [Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia], 230(4), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2021-230-4-237-244 (In Russ.)
Lenschow, A. (2002). Environmental Policy Integration: Greening Sectoral Policies in Europe. Routledge.
Lucas Jr, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of monetary economics, 22(1), 3–42.
Lundvall, B.-A. (2010). Natsional’nyye innovatsionnyye sistemy: k teorii innovatsiy i interaktivnogo obucheniya [National Systems of Innovation: Toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning]. Moscow: Ekonomika Publ., 297. (In Russ.)
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bisson, P., Woetzel, J., Dobbs, R., Bughin, J., & Aharon, D. (2015).
The Internet of Things: Mapping the value beyond the hype. McKinsey & Company.
North, D. C., Wallis, J. J., & Weingast, B. R. (2011). Nasiliye i sotsial’nyye poryadki. Kontseptual’nyye ramki dlya interpretatsii pis’mennoy istorii chelovechestva [Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History]. (Trans. from English, In R. I. Kapelyushnikov (Ed.)). Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 480. (In Russ.)
Porter, M. (1998). Clusters and the New Economics of Competition. Harvard Business Review, 76(6), 77–90.
Rodrik, D. (2004). Industrial Policy for the Twenty-First Century. Harvard University.
Romanova, O. A., & Ponomareva, A. O. (2020). Industrial policy: new realities, formation and implementation issues. Ekonomicheskiye i sotsialnyye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast], 13(2), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.15838/esc.2020.2.68.2 (In Russ.)
Romanova, O. A., & Ponomareva, A. O. (2020). Multi-Vector Industrial Policy in Russia in an Emerging New Industrial Landscape. Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii [Russian Journal of Economic Theory], 17(2), 276–291. https://doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2020.17-2.3 (In Russ.)
Shevchenko, I. K., & Razvadovskaya, Yu. V. (2012). Structural Analysis of the Technological Modes in the Process of Development of Industrial Sector of Economy: Genesis, Conformities to Law and Tendencies. Izvestiya YUFU. Tekhnicheskiye nauki [News of SFU. Technical Sciences. Thematic Issue], (8(133)), 58–65. (In Russ.)
Simachev, Y. V., Kuzyk, M. G., & Pogrebnyak, E. V. (2018). Federal Industrial Policy: Basic Models and Russian Practice. Zhurnal Novoy ekonomicheskoy assotsiatsii [Journal of the New Economic Association], (3(39)), 146–154. https://doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2018-39-3-8 (In Russ.)
Sukharev, O. S. (2014). Ekonomicheskiy rost, instituty i tekhnologii [Economic Growth, Institutions and Technologies]. Moscow: Finansy i statistika Publ., 458. (In Russ.)
Sukharev, O. S. (2015). Economic Theory of Industrialization. Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika [Perm University Herald. Economy], (2(25)), 6–14. EDN: UAVDDH (In Russ.)
Sukharev, O. S. (2018). Industrial Policy: The Problem of Technological Update. Nauchnyye trudy Vol’nogo ekonomicheskogo obshchestva Rossii [Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia], 211(3), 630–659. (In Russ.)
Sukharev, O. S., & Strizhakova, E. N. (2015). Industrial’naya politika i razvitiye promyshlennykh sistem [Industrial Policy and Development of Industrial Systems]. Moscow: Lenand Publ., 160. (In Russ.)
Tatarkin, A. I. (2015). New industrialization of the Russian economy: development deeds and /or time challenges. Zhurnal Ekonomicheskoye vozrozhdeniye Rossii [Economic Revival of Russia], (2(44)), 20–31. EDN: UAEMSF (In Russ.)
Tatarkin, A. I., & Romanova, O. A. (2014). Industrial Policy: Genesis, Regional Features and Legislative Provision. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of Regions], (2), 9–21. (In Russ.)
Tolkachev, S. A., & Teplyakov, A. Yu (2022). Strategic Planning and Industrial Policy at the Current Stage of the Cyclic World Economic Development. Ekonomicheskiye strategii [Economic Strategies], 24(1(181)), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.33917/es-1.181.2022.40-51 (In Russ.)
Vetrova, E. N., & Lapochkina, L. V. (2016). Transformation of Industrial Development at the Present Stage of Economic Development. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiye vedomosti SPbGPU. Ekonomicheskiye nauki [St Petersburg State Polytechnical University Journal. Economics], (3(245)), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.5862/JE.245.4 (In Russ.)
Yang, W., Wang, X., & Zhou, D. (2024). Research on the Impact of Industrial Policy on the innovation Behavior of strategic emerging Industries. Behavioral Sciences, 14(4), 346. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14040346
Yoshino, N., & Morgan, P. J. (2018). Overview of infrastructure investment and its challenges in Asia (ADBI Working Paper Series No. 848). Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute.
Zubkova, O. V., & Novikov, E. V. (2020). Car Market as an Object of State Industry Policy. Ekonomicheskiye preobrazovaniya: teoriya i praktika [Economic Transformations: Theory and Practice], (2), 28–31. https://doi.org/10.34286/2712-7427-2020-2-2-28-31 (In Russ.)
JATS